Begin in the loft
Go up with a torch while it is raining, or just after. Find the wet patch above the stain and follow the damp uphill.
- Shiny or dark streaks on rafters
- Drips hanging from the felt
- Pinpricks of daylight
- Damp, flattened insulation
Then look from the ground
Stay off the ladder. Binoculars from the garden or across the road will show most faults.
- Tiles or slates out of line
- Lead that has lifted at a chimney or wall
- Gaps in the mortar along the ridge
- Gutters overflowing at one spot
Use the weather as a clue
A leak that only appears in driving wind usually points to flashing, ridge tiles or the roof edge. One that drips in any steady rain is more likely a broken tile, a valley or a flat roof.
Rule out condensation
Damp in the loft on cold, dry days is often condensation and not a leak. That is a ventilation problem with a different fix.
When to get a roofer
If you cannot see the cause, or water is near wiring, call a roofer. A good repair starts with finding the real entry point.